challenges faced by Indigenous People - 1251 Words

The challenges faced By Indigenous Peoples in achieving justice, are both complex and extensive. These issues stem from successive centuries of asserted colonial power, which consequently has resulted in the undermining of rights for many Indigenous communities, including the Australian Aboriginal Peoples and Maori Peoples of New Zealand. Systemic abuse of power has resulted in the gradual erosion of Indigenous culture, and as thus, rights of Indigenous communities, including Intellectual Property and Cultural Rights, have been neglected. As a result, a growing body of declarations, statements, and other developments both within governmental systems, as well as in the wider international justice arena have been received. However, many†¦show more content†¦The ineffectiveness of domestic laws in relation to intellectual property highlight the need for both Australia, and New Zealand to implement Article 31 of the UNDRIP; ....They also have the right, to maintain, control, pro tect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions..... . It is evident that both Australian and New Zealand Indigenous communities face significant challenges in relation to intellectual property rights. In addition to Intellectual Property, Indigenous communities also face significant challenges in relation to Cultural Rights. This term encompasses a broad range of aspects that relate to heritage, including the active practice of language, ecological activities, and the preservation of sacred lifestyles and locations. Both Australian Aboriginal Peoples and New Zealand Maori Peoples face significant challenges in achieving justice in relation to their cultural rights. Although the UNDRIP was implemented in both Australia and New Zealand in 2009, domestic laws are still not effective in the protection of Indigenous culture. This is mainly due to the complexities of Cultural Rights, that is, there is no sole law that encompasses all aspects of Cultural rights. Australian IndigenousShow MoreRelatedThe Problems Of Residential Schools1081 Words   |  5 Pagesinhumane! Canada is now known as a multicultural country, with rights for those, including children, residing in this country both permanently or temporarily. This is why I pose the question, why are Indigenous people forced to live in a country where they feel unwelcome, unequal, and shameful? Indigenous does mean native or first to a country. In my opinion they should have, if not equal, the most, rights in this country. However, they have lost rights to their land, freedom, cultural values, traditionsRead MoreDiscrimination Against Women s Human Rights1005 Words   |  5 PagesPrompt: Why has it been difficult for indigenous peoples to claim human rights? Was it equally hard to establish women’s human rights to freedom from violence? Consider a series of factors such as the nature of their rights claims and the political context within which these claims were made in discussing the similarities and differences between these two cases and the process through which they became defined as human rights. The idea that indigenous people have rights is relatively new; the majorityRead MoreAboriginal Australians : The Indigenous People Of Australia Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Aboriginal Australians are the indigenous people of Australia. They are one of the oldest existing cultures in the world and the first known inhabitants of Australia. The Aboriginal Australians are believed to be the first people to leave Africa â€Å"about 70,000 years ago† (â€Å"Migration to Australia†). The Aboriginals Australian community consists of unique characteristics of cultural expression, social structure, diversity, and have faced many contemporary challenges. Cultural Expressions The AboriginalRead MoreAustralian History : Australia s History762 Words   |  4 Pagesactively acknowledges the fact that the first people who inhabited this country were Aboriginals. Professor Mick Dodson, who was the Australian of the year in 2009 stated the fact that Indigenous Australians are still affected by what happened to their ancestors back when the first fleet arrived. 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For the purpose of this paper, Indigenous peoples of Australia will be inclusive of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Real Voyage Of Discovery By Jane Harrison And Beneath Clouds1263 Words   |  6 Pagesto challenge an audience’s beliefs system, making their texts tools for acquiring new knowledge. This concept is explored and portrayed as a common theme throughout the Indigenous Australian texts, Rainbow’s End, by Jane Harrison and Beneath Clouds, a film written and directed by Ivan Sen. Both authors demonstrate the concepts of discovery in their texts, by focusing on historical and contemporary aspects of Aboriginal cultural discovery, re -discovery and self-discovery. As a non-indigenous responderRead MoreEssay on Indigenous Health Care1568 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this essay the writer will discuss the colonisation of Australia, and the effects that dispossession had on indigenous communities. It will define health, comparing the difference between indigenous and non- indigenous health. It will point out the benefits and criticism of the Biomedical and sociological models of health, and state why it is important in healthcare to be culturally competent with Transcultural theory. The case study of Rodney will be analyzed to distinguishRead MoreThe Role Of Multinational Corporations ( Mncs )924 Words   |  4 Pages Consequently, the extent of economic and social challenges facing some developing countries remains enormous despite decades of MNC investments. One major social problem facing many of the emerging economies is still high levels of human poverty (UNM-MDG, 2015). Some African countries such as Zambia, are faced with the challenge of a large proportion of the population living in abject poverty (Gamu, le Billon, Spiegel, 2015) . The challenges prevail despite more than two decades of applyingRead MoreAssessment 2: Digger J. Jones Close Reading. Jackie Miller-1553 Words   |  7 Pagesempathy from the ideal reader.This text supports the movement of Aboriginal peoples rights and such as the right to vote and be recognized as people on the Australian census. The book positions a reader to hopefully agree with the Indigenous rights movement. The passages location within the book, being towards the beginning of the novel, is able to provide the reader with an understanding a of the injustice that was faced by aboriginal Australians during the 1960’s and the Vietnam war. The letterRead MoreNative Language And Indigenous Language1160 Words   |  5 Pages Language is one of many components that identify a group of people to their culture. Unfortunately, there are quite a few obstacles that challenge indigenous people learning their native language. The loss of a language distances groups farther from their native roots, which is exactly opposite of the efforts being made in Canada. Learning and practicing an indigenous language fulfills one’s role as an engaged citizen and allows for engagement within a culture. The McGill Tribune published Jenny

Death and Dying as a Literary Device free essay sample

This essay illustrates how the concepts of death and dying are powerfully used in literature and how those left living are affected. The following paper examines how most authors look at death from their own unique perspectives, when writing about it. The writer explores the different ways in which death is something that appears to be the central point of just about any piece of literature. This paper makes reference to several novels where death is a key focus and is presented either through the novels characters as they contemplate the meaning of life or shown through surviving characters. The novels made reference to are : Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad , The Lovesong of J Alfred Prufrock by T.S. Eliot and To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf. The other ramification the death of Michael Furey has on Gabriel is that he comes to the realization that nobody could ever truly know another person. We will write a custom essay sample on Death and Dying as a Literary Device or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After learning that Michael Furey risked, and lost his life for Gretta, Gabriel became deeply contemplative. First he shows typical characteristics of a jealous lover. He wonders if Gretta and Michael Furey had a sexual relationship and also ponders other aspects of their relationship. From the time that Gretta tells Gabriel that the song The Lass of Aughrim made her cry, Gabriel knew it was over a past boyfriend that she related this song.

Social Media as a Business Communication Tool-Free-Sample for Student

Question: Discuss about the Use of Social media as a business communication tool. Answer: Introduction: The aim of paper would be to study the use of social media as a platform for business communication by the organisations. The business organisations use social media on large scale to communication with employees and customers. This use of social media has both disadvantages and disadvantages. The researcher would explore both the aspects from the side of the organisations and as well their employees and consumers. Impact of use of social media on employees of the companies: Leftheriotis and Giannakos (2014) state that social media has great impacts on the employees of organisations. The employees use social media as a platform to communicate with their superiors and peer in a semiformal way. This boosts communication among the employees in organisations and creates a sense of belonging to the company. Gibbs, Rozaidi and Eisenberg (2013) contradicts that social media also causes distractions among the employees and hampers their performances. This is because employees often misuse the social media to spread wrong messages and for unethical sharing of information. Advantages of use of social media among employees in organisations: The following are the advantages of employees using social media in organisations: Smooth communication and networking: Applications of social media in business organisations create a semi-formal environment, which enforces internal communication. The social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter enable employees to share information beyond work, which creates better understanding among them about each other. This enforces a sense of relatedness among the employees across departments and positions which boosts motivation and positive organisational culture (Aouragh, 2016). Innovation: Social media provides a platform for all the employees in the organisations to communicate with each other. This is more prevalent for the multinational companies who operate in multiple locations. The employees of various departments like research development and marketing can communicate with each other and exchange information. For example, a marketing manager of a company located in Europe can communicate with his colleague based on the US. This interaction can lead to generation of new ideas like new markets or new possible products. This analysis shows that social media interactions among employees of a company can lead to innovations (Lam, Yeung Cheng, 2016). Talent acquisition: Kaur et al. (2015) state that social media plays a very important role in organisations talent acquisitions and management roles. The companies today promote their brands and market positions on their social website pages. This helps them to enhance their employer brand image, which in turn enables them to attract more skilful and experienced human resources. Sparrow, Brewster and Chung (2016) state that organisations today regard their employees as a strategic advantage they seek to acquire and manage for business growth. Social media enables the employees of organisations to communicate information about new vacancies and job descriptions with hundreds of people acquaintances. The managers as a result are able to acquire appropriate candidates from among their acquaintances about whose eligibilities and experiences they know. This analysis shows that social media help organisations to acquire and manage employees. Disadvantages of use of social media by employees in organisations: The following are the disadvantages of use of social media on the job performances of employees in organisations: Distractions of employees: Brooks (2015) points out that social media has emerged as a major distraction to the employee concentration and hence hampering employee performances. The employees spend unnecessary time in surfing the social networking sites, which hampers their efficiency. This lowering of efficiency of individual employees impedes the high performance of the departments and ultimately the organisations as a whole. This has led to several organisations ban the use of mobile devices among the employees during office hours. Conflict between employer and employees: Excessive use of social media by employees during office hours has led to drastic fall in the performance of employees, which is creating conflict between the employers and employees. Several companies do not allow the employees to access social networking sites during office hours to prevent social networking sites from hampering their performances. McDonald (2014) contradicts this ban and states that some organisations offer training to their employees about Mobile device management to train them use the social networking sites responsibly. However, some employees view this training as a management intervention into the personal liberties and refuse to cooperate. These results in further conflicts between the employers and the employees, which make some employees, resign. Thus, excessive use of social media is resulting in organisational conflicts and high employee turnover. Unethical practices: Some employee use social media to share confidential business information with unauthorised persons which has become great concern for business organisations. The expanse of social media is so vast that no organisation can control spread of messages. Some employees use their personal social network accounts to share information without prior approval from seniors which is unethical and illegal (Gritzalis et al., 2014). Sharma, Khandelwal and Rathod (2014) add to the discussion and state that social networking sites add to the data theft in the multinational companies of today. The multinational companies hold a lot of data because they operate in multiple countries. Thus, when one employee shares data unethically on the social platform, it has manifold impact on the market image of the organisation. For example, the failure of the company to protect the confidential piece of data has detrimental effect on its market image. Thus, social media encourages unethical spread of data, which has devastating effect on the companies and their brand images. Impact of use of social media on customers of the companies: The social media today plays a very significant role in the business communication between business organisations and their customers. Similar to the employees of business organisations, social media plays very significant impact on the customers. Business communication between companies and their customers has both advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of using social media by companies to communicate with customers: The following are the advantages, which companies can enjoy by using social media to communicate with customers: Brand promotion: Business communication between companies and their customers using the social media help the companies to promote their brands. The multinational companies inform the consumers all over the globe about the new products and strategies (Turban, Volonino Wood, 2013). The number of followers of a company on the social media platform acts as an indication of the size of its consumer base in the market. The consumers on the other hand give their reviews about a particular product. These reviews and ratings help the companies to study consumer preferences while making product strategies. Thus, social media interactions with customers allow the companies estimate the brand equities of their products and make marketing plans accordingly. Earning revenue: The multinational companies today use the social media platforms like Facebook to advertise their products all over the world before millions of customers. This large-scale advertisement generates huge demand in the market. The multinational companies as a result are able to sell their products all over the world to earn huge revenue (Lartey, Antwi Boadi, 2013). Thus, social media provides a platform for the companies to promote their products and earn huge revenue. Liquidity and risk management: Social media helps companies to promote and sell their products globally, which in turn generates huge revenue and provides liquidity to their funds. The multinational companies today have to invest huge amount of capital to manufacture their products. The promotion of products worldwide enables these companies to earn robust profit. This allows them to recover their investments, which they can again channelize into production of goods. Thus, social media plays a significant role for the companies to earn huge return on their investments (McNeil, Frey Embrechts, 2015). The multinational companies today advertise their products on the social media sites and sell them, thus earning huge revenue. This huge revenue enables these companies to diversify their risks, which boosts of risk taking capacity (DeAngelo Stulz, 2014). Thus, social media indirectly strengthens the liquidity and the risk taking capacity of the companies. Disadvantages of use of social media to communicate with customers: Social media, when used by the companies as a tool of business communication with customers has the following disadvantages: Negative promotion of companies: Social media platforms of business communication give opportunities to negative promotion about companies, which affect their brand values devastatingly. As discussed above, the social networking sites like Facebook allow the companies to promote their goods. The platform can also be used by customers to give their feedbacks about the products in form of reviews and stars. The positive reviews are made available to millions of customers over the social networking space which establish the strong brand images of the companies before these customers (Turban, Volonino Wood, 2013). Similarly, negative reviews of customers can be viewed by millions of customers and repel them from buying products of companies (Pfeffer, Zorbach Carley, 2014). This analysis shows that social networking sites provide the platform for negative reviews, which result in companies losing their customers. Unethical practices: Unethical practices like spreading of fake news about the companies on the social media have impact on the companies. The unethical customers spread fraudulent news about various business strategies of the multinational companies. Such fake news also includes crucial business information like financial decisions of the company management bodies. These fake pieces of news spread very fast on the social media and have dire impact on the business organisations in the long run. For example, fake news about the business strategy of a company can result in investors withdrawing their investments. This would result in weakening of the long-term equity base and ultimately the financial strengths of the companies. Thus, unethical practices like spreading fake news on the social have devastating impact on the companies. Conclusion: The above discussion clearly reveals that social media plays an undeniably significant role in business communication of business organisations, their employees and their customers. The social media develops a semiformal environment, which promotes healthy communication and networking. It has even emerged to play a significant role in innovation and talent management. However, it is also capable of distracting employees and lowering organisational performance. Social media also provides platforms to promote products but can also lead to loss of market due to negative promotion. It can be recommended that the employees and the customers should use the digital platform ethically and responsibly. They should not use it to spread fake or confidential news about the company. References: Aouragh, M. (2016). Social media, mediation and the Arab revolutions.Marx in the Age of Digital Capitalism, 482-515. Brooks, S. (2015). Does personal social media usage affect efficiency and well-being?.Computers in Human Behavior,46, 26-37. DeAngelo, H., Stulz, R. M. (2014). Liquid-claim production, risk management, and bank capital structure: Why high leverage is optimal for banks. Gibbs, J. L., Rozaidi, N. A., Eisenberg, J. (2013). Overcoming the ideology of openness: Probing the affordances of social media for organizational knowledge sharing.Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication,19(1), 102-120. Gritzalis, D., Kandias, M., Stavrou, V., Mitrou, L. (2014). History of information: the case of privacy and security in social media. InProc. of the History of Information Conference(pp. 283-310). Katiyar, V., Sain, G. K. (2016). Impact of Social Media Activities on Employer Brand Equity and Intention to Apply.NMIMS Management Review,28. Kaur, P., Sharma, S., Kaur, J. Sharma, S.K., 2015. Using social media for employer branding and talent management: An experiential study.IUP Journal of Brand Management,12(2), p.7. Lam, H.K., Yeung, A.C. Cheng, T.E., 2016. The impact of firms social media initiatives on operational efficiency and innovativeness.Journal of Operations Management,47, pp.28-43. Lartey, V. C., Antwi, S., Boadi, E. K. (2013). The relationship between liquidity and profitability of listed banks in Ghana.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(3). Leftheriotis, I., Giannakos, M. N. (2014). Using social media for work: Losing your time or improving your work?.Computers in Human Behavior,31, 134-142. McDonald, G. (2014).Business Ethics: A Contemporary Approach. Cambridge University Press. McNeil, A. J., Frey, R., Embrechts, P. (2015).Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Pfeffer, J., Zorbach, T., Carley, K. M. (2014). Understanding online firestorms: Negative word-of-mouth dynamics in social media networks.Journal of Marketing Communications,20(1-2), 117-128. Sharma, K. B., Khandelwal, G. R., Rathod, M. G. (2014). Information Technology, Economy and Banking Sector.IBMRD's Journal of Management Research,3(1), 116-124. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C., Chung, C. (2016).Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Turban, E., Volonino, L., Wood, G. (2013). Information technology for management: Advancing sustainable, profitable business growth . Hoboken

Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in “Crash” Essay Example

Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† Paper Paul Haggis’ (2004) movie â€Å"Crash† is a powerful portrayal on the way in which racial discrimination as a complex social problem affects the lives of people. Set in Los Angeles, the movie shows how different people often â€Å"crash† into each other’s lives and unconsciously create ripples in these interactions. The effectivity of Higgis’ depiction lies on the utter simplicity by which the movie is able to show the nuances of interlocking problems from multiple perspectives. Interestingly, the movie also poses the problem of coping in a multi-cultural society where racism is almost a norm in itself and shows how gender and socio-economic gaps contribute to and reinforce racial stereotypes and biases. The film’s exploration on the barriers erected by racial, gender, and income disparities is perhaps best portrayed by Matt Dillon who plays the character John Ryan, a police officer who has been working for seventeen years with the Los Angeles Police Department. Ryan is a single, white, male who lives with and takes care of his aging father off-duty and who spends most of the time in the movie demanding a better doctor from his father’s healthcare company. Ryan is both a dutiful son to his father and the police force, however, his character harbors the frustration resulting from the conflicts of his status as a male Caucasian in the lower rungs of the economic ladder which prevents him from providing better quality of healthcare to his ailing father. It is from thses conflicting roles that his bitterness and disdain towards privileged people of color arises. We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Most of the poignant scenes which emphasize his bitterness and his attempt to compensate for his disadvantaged position show Ryan attempting to get back at his perceived tormentors either by physically or verbally harassing them using his position as a police officer and his status as a Caucasian. In the early part of the film, for instance, he is the stereotypical white, racist cop who stops an SUV driven for no apparent reason than the fact that it is driven by a black American and proceeds to create false charges against him. Clearly a case of selective perception where people are almost always quick to prejudge other people based on the color of their skin or other stereotypes, Ryan treats the man, a film director, like a common criminal. Unfortunately, the man’s wife, played by Thandie Newton, sees the cop’s real agenda for stopping them and protests arrogantly that â€Å"You thought you saw a white woman performing fellatio on a black man? †¦ †¦? that’s why you stopped us. † (Haggis, 2004) This visibly enrages Ryan who, not wanting to show weakness and lose his power in front of his much younger police partner, retaliates by subjecting the woman to a body search and sexually offending her. The act is both an offense and an insult against the woman and her husband, who are forced to endure the harassment and even apologize to the police officer for a supposed crime. In another scene, Ryan pays Shaniqua a personal visit to discuss his father’s deteriorating health and painful condition which expectedly ends in conflict when he subjects her to racial slurs in an attempt to compel her to do more for his father. He tells her of his father’s effort to provide employment in his business and of the loss he suffered when the Government started adopting a preference for companies owned by racial minorities. She is not moved by Ryan’s tirade of his father’s contribution to the African-American community, however, because of Ryan’s racist remarks and instead tells him that she would have signed the necessary papers if Ryan had been nicer.

Seatbelt Safety essays

Seatbelt Safety essays It was March 13, 2004, around 3 oclock in the morning and I was driving home from work. I was flying home, as usual and I was tired, sleepy, and not paying attention. I knew these roads well because I drive them at least twice a day, but today was different. I remember looking down at my Speedometer and seeing it register 115 mph, I looked up and saw a corner I knew I was going way too fast for. I immediately slammed on my brakes, but it was too late as I started to slide off the road, leaving four black marks on the road behind me. Try going 90-0 in .5 seconds. OUCH. My car is totaled, my frame bent, I cant open my back doors because the front doors are smashed over them, my trunk wont shut all the way and my radiator, motor and transmission are now combined into one. I walked away without a single bruise or scratch and had I not been wearing my safety belt I am 100% sure that I would be dead. I would have been slammed into my windshield and if that didnt kill me, than Im sure the telephone pole 2 feet in front of me would have. This is just one of many stories I have involving how I, or someone in my family was saved by a safety belt. So today I am going to give some factual reasons why everyone should take 3 seconds out of their day to buckle up. It might seem inconvenient now, but better to buckle up and possibly save your life than to lose it. The National HWY Safety Association says that 1 out of 3 people will be involved in a serious accident. Look around, that means that out of the person on your left, the person on your right, and yourself one of you is going to be involved in a major automobile accident. The Association also says that you, or one of your tablemates is 4x more likely to die while not wearing a seatbelt, than while wearing one. There are 35,000 deaths a year of people without wearing proper seat restraints, while there are only 17,000 deaths per year with people weari...

International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business IP Week 4 Essay

International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business IP Week 4 - Essay Example Competition law and the antitrust laws are examples of such regulations. The laws are set of rules and regulations designed to enhance competitive environment in the business environment. This paper evaluates an example of a merger between two major telecommunication companies. Some issues arise due to generic competition. Generic competition stems from producers who do not incur costs in research before they launch a product to market. It results in the original manufacture imposing some restrictions to protect their brands. This paper will address legal barriers in introducing a new product to market and possible dilemmas. Key words: competition, legal, mergers, antitrust and law. International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business Introduction The antitrust laws were put in place by the federal and state governments in United States to regulate businesses. The laws ensure that companies do not become too big and they do not fix their prices. The law also ensures that there is perfe ct competition in market so that the consumer welfare is maintained. The federal governments are also mandated in reviewing potential mergers to attempt to prevent market concentration. The antitrust laws apply to businesses and individuals. The laws were enacted to stop businesses that go too large from blocking competition and abusing their power (Baker, 2004). The antitrust law is aimed at ensuring perfect competition. ... It is estimated that pharmaceutical companies spend an average of $800-1 billion and between eight and sixteen years to research a new drug (Crandal & Clifford, 2003). Research need to be conducted to ensure that the drug introduced to the market can compete perfectly. The drug should also meet the target population needs; it should be in a position to solve their problems. As a result, an extensive research should be conducted to make sure that the brand conforms to set standard and market needs. Due to this, high cost is incurred. Legal Barriers to Market Entry Legal requirements have to be followed by the drug manufacturers to ensure that they enter the market with legal approval. There are legal barriers that control the entry of drugs to the market in the United States. In 2003, President Bush signed into law the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of Approval. The act has had major impact on the entry of generic pharmaceutical drugs to the market. The 2003 act contains three rules that control the entry of the drugs to the market. The act allows a minimum of one 30- month stay per generic application, clarifies the types of patents that must not be submitted to Food and Drug administration for listing in the orange book, revises the information required to be submitted on patents, and consolidates all patent information on declaring forms to ensure that the submissions are more informative and precise. In addition to the 30 month stay per application, the FDA tightened control on the types of patent claims submitted by the innovator company. The law ensures that the innovator drug companies would no longer be able to submit patents claiming packaging, metabolites and

Aiding the Management of Change Research Proposal

Aiding the Management of Change - Research Proposal Example A survey conducted in 2002 (Online Executives 2006) highlighted that the main driver for change was increased competition, however, most domestic businesses have adapted to this by adopting similar processes and acquiring the necessary technology. However, in 2006, the survey was repeated and found that the main driver for change was the desire to increase efficiency. This is indicative of an environment that is becoming difficult to control and predict and has made planning and strategy on a short term basis. The need for efficiency is not confined to one industry but rather applies to all businesses, and this has resulted in a number of change management initiatives that are designed to increase efficiency, reduce costs, restructure the organization, and become more competitive and to make the business more innovative. However, by increasing efficiency, reducing costs and restructuring the organization, most businesses are directly impacting on employees as these drivers will have a negative impact on jobs. These drivers often result in redundancies and the key to a successful change management initiative will lie in an organization’s ability to handle and communicate with its employees (Chin and Benne 1968). Failure to communicate and implement change management to employees will make the initiative susceptible to failure through reduced morale from the remaining employees (Chin and Benne 1968, Scott 20,05), which in turn will affect the manner in how customers are treated, which in turn will affect the organizations' competitiveness. This implies that change management is not about changing physical attributes, but rather it is about managing the process of it, which includes people management. This paper will briefly look at the factors responsible for both successful and disastrous change management initiatives, and it will also look at how culture and commitment, leadership and downsizing can be managed for change.